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حديث رقم 5148 صحيح البخاري 📖 كتاب النكاح
النص العربي

سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ ‏{‏وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى‏}‏ قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي هَذِهِ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا فَيَرْغَبُ فِي جَمَالِهَا وَمَالِهَا، وَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْتَقِصَ صَدَاقَهَا، فَنُهُوا عَنْ نِكَاحِهِنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا فِي إِكْمَالِ الصَّدَاقِ، وَأُمِرُوا بِنِكَاحِ مَنْ سِوَاهُنَّ، قَالَتْ وَاسْتَفْتَى النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ‏{‏وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ‏}‏ إِلَى ‏{‏وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ‏}‏ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ أَنَّ الْيَتِيمَةَ إِذَا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ جَمَالٍ وَمَالٍ رَغِبُوا فِي نِكَاحِهَا وَنَسَبِهَا فِي إِكْمَالِ الصَّدَاقِ، وَإِذَا كَانَتْ مَرْغُوبَةً عَنْهَا فِي قِلَّةِ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ تَرَكُوهَا وَأَخَذُوا غَيْرَهَا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ، قَالَتْ فَكَمَا يَتْرُكُونَهَا حِينَ يَرْغَبُونَ عَنْهَا فَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهَا إِذَا رَغِبُوا فِيهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهَا وَيُعْطُوهَا حَقَّهَا الأَوْفَى فِي الصَّدَاقِ‏.‏

English Translation

that he asked `Aisha regarding the Verse: 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with theorphans (4.3) She said, "O my nephew! This Verse refers to the orphan girl who is under theguardianship of her guardian who likes her beauty and wealth and wishes to (marry her and) curtailsher Mahr. Such guardians have been forbidden to marry them unless they do justice by giving themtheir full Mahr, and they have been ordered to marry other than them. The people asked for the verdictof Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) after that, so Allah revealed: 'They ask your instruction concerning the women . . .whom you desire to marry.' (4.127) So Allah revealed to them that if the orphan girl had beauty andwealth, they desired to marry her and for her family status. They can only marry them if they givethem their full Mahr. And if they had no desire to marry them because of their lack of wealth andbeauty, they would leave them and marry other women. So, as they used to leave them, when they hadno interest, in them, they were forbidden to marry them when they had such interest, unless theytreated them justly and gave them their full Mahr Apostle said, 'If at all there is evil omen, it is in thehorse, the woman and the house." a lady is to be warded off. And the Statement of Allah: 'Truly,among your wives and your children, there are enemies for you (i.e may stop you from the obedienceof Allah)' (64.14)

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